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Troubleshooting

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You are here because your PC is acting up—so let’s look at what might be wrong. I have been in the industry for over 20 years and have seen a lot of troublesome computers in that time, but let’s look at the facts. Your PC is simply a logic machine without any personality and is only as good as its parts and programming. The ‘brain’ of a computer is the CPU, and unlike a car engine, the CPU does not slow down. It is rated at a certain power or speed, which it will run at for its entire life. If your computer is slow or acting up, then there are other factors at play.

Computers can have 3 main faults—

  1. They can have a hardware fault (permanent or intermittent)
  2. They can have a software fault (bloatware, conflicts, Windows corruption, or virus/malware)
  3. They can be underpowered for their purpose right from day one

Unfortunately, you can have more than one of the above problems happening at the same time. This makes assessment and diagnosis very difficult for the average user and is one of the reasons that IT professionals exist. When dealing with problem computers every day, we get to recognise patterns of behaviour and we develop certain remedy procedures and tools that have proven their effectiveness.

One of our biggest and best tools is the reformat & reload after saving all user data and settings. This will solve ANY software fault—no matter what was going wrong—and will result in a much faster-running PC (even faster than new) if we didn’t install the PC in the first place.

There are hundreds of settings in a modern operating system like Windows 10, and many of them can make a huge difference to the speed and ease of operation of a PC. We rarely see other IT professionals going to the trouble that we do to properly and logically set up or service a PC. There is often a severe lack of ‘care factor’ in our industry and this is very evident when we see a computer that has not been configured by us. When a modern PC is free of “bloatware” and configured for maximum performance, it can literally perform many times quicker than it previously did.

There is nothing more frustrating than waiting on a slow computer or network. You can wait for a slow toaster or electronic kettle, as usually you are standing and have something else to do.  When your computer is slow, you are its captive audience. You are already sitting down in front of it and already thinking about what you want to work on. There is no chance to stand up and do something else for a few seconds—especially if you then need to click something and then wait all over again. All these lost seconds add up quickly and soon you find yourself at the end of a few hours of computing, only accomplishing what you thought would take a few minutes. A slow computer will do this to you every time!

What is worse than a slow computer? One that crashes or brings up constant errors. This type of computer behaviour is NOT normal regardless of what you have come to expect. Modern, properly configured computers don’t crash and don’t constantly have errors. If this sounds like your PC, then either it needs a service or it needs replacement. Either way, if you are postponing this outcome, then you are losing lots of time and money, plus you will still be in the same position next week.

Our most regular customer comment is that they can’t believe the difference that we have made to an existing PC and express the thought that they should have taken it to us much earlier.

If unsure about some of the computer terms used, please consult the diagram below

Computer-Labeled-1
Computer-Labeled-2

The following is a list of common PC problems as well as their most likely cause and some ideas on how to fix them.

Click on the symptom that seems most similar to your problem and then click on the list of possible causes to reveal the potential solutions or steps to take.
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When you press the power button, nothing happens at all.
  • Check the power cord at the wall and at the back of the PC.
  • Try replacing the power cord.
If the PC is a desktop tower, the internal power supply has died.
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional for a new power supply
  • Consider how old the PC is and possibly get a replacement.
If the PC is a laptop, the charger has gone faulty
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional for a new power supply
  • Consider how old the PC is and possibly get a replacement
If the PC is a laptop, the charging circuit has a fault.
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional to try a new charger before you make a claim.
  • Take it to a professional to get a copy of all your data before sending it away for a warranty claim.
  • Consider how old the laptop is and possibly get a replacement.
The motherboard has become faulty (tower or laptop).
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional to get a copy of all your data before sending it away for a warranty claim.
  • Consider how old the laptop is and possibly get a replacement.

When you press the power button, you see lights and hear a fan but nothing else.

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If the PC is a tower, the internal power supply can be below voltage.
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional to get a copy of all your data before sending it away for a warranty claim.
  • Take it to a professional for a new power supply
  • Consider how old the PC is and possibly get a replacement.
  • Consider a UPS to protect the PC from further power surges
The motherboard has become faulty (tower or laptop).
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional to get a copy of all your data before sending it away for a warranty claim.
  • If the PC is a tower, take it to a professional for a new motherboard (often also requires a new CPU & RAM).
  • Consider how old the PC is and possibly get a replacement.
  • If the PC is a tower, consider a UPS to protect the PC from further power surges.
The system RAM has become faulty (tower or laptop)
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional to get a copy of all your data before sending it away for a warranty claim.
  • Take to a professional for new RAM
  • Consider how old the PC is and possibly get a replacement.
  • If the PC is a tower, consider a UPS to protect the PC from further power surges.
The video card (graphics card) has become faulty (tower or laptop)
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional to get a copy of all your data before sending it away for a warranty claim.
  • If the PC is a tower, take it to a professional for a new video card.
  • Consider how old the PC is and possibly get a replacement.
  • If the PC is a tower, consider a UPS to protect the PC from further power surges.
The screen (monitor) has become faulty (tower or laptop).
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the laptop or monitor warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation (most monitors have a 3-year warranty).
  • If the PC is a tower, purchase a new screen (monitor), but check for video connector compatibility first.
  • If PC is a laptop, consider how old the laptop is and possibly get a replacement.
  • If the PC is a tower, consider a UPS to protect the new monitor from further power surges.

When you press the power button, you see black & white info on the screen but no Microsoft Windows.

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The motherboard has lost its BIOS settings and can’t find the hard drive.
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • You may need a new CMOS battery (often called a BIOS battery) and the correct settings re-entered.
  • Take it to a professional for diagnosis and a fix.
The hard drive has become faulty.
  • At this stage without a recent backup, all your data is at risk.
  • Don’t muck around with this yourself.
  • Don’t take it to a friend of a friend or a backyard PC mechanic.
  • Turn it off immediately and take it to a professional.
  • You will need professional data recovery and a new hard drive and a fresh install with all data returned.
The operating system has lost its boot settings.
  • This can be caused by a bad virus—take it to a professional.
  • However, this is normally indicative of a dying hard drive.
  • At this stage without a recent backup, all your data is at risk.
  • Don’t muck around with this yourself.
  • Don’t take it to a friend of a friend or a backyard PC mechanic.
  • Turn it off immediately and take it to a professional.
  • You will need professional data recovery and a new hard drive and a fresh install with all data returned.

When you press the power button, it starts to load Windows and then locks up or reboots (boot looping).

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The hard drive has become faulty.
  • At this stage without a recent backup, all your data is at risk.
  • Don’t muck around with this yourself.
  • Don’t take it to a friend of a friend or a backyard PC mechanic.
  • Turn it off immediately and take it to a professional.
  • You will need professional data recovery and a new hard drive and a fresh install with all data returned.
The motherboard has become faulty.
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional to get a copy of all your data before sending it away for a warranty claim.
  • If the PC is a tower, take it to a professional for a new motherboard (often also requires a new CPU & RAM).
  • Consider how old the PC is and possibly get a replacement.
  • If the PC is a tower, consider a UPS to protect the PC from further power surges.
The operating system has become corrupted
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If you don’t have a recent & complete backup, then don’t muck around with this yourself.
  • This is not a warranty situation, so take it to a professional.
  • It may need data recovery, a reformat & fresh install with all data returned.
It has a Windows update fault.
  • At this stage all your data should be intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If you don’t have a recent & complete backup, then don’t muck around with this yourself.
  • This is not a warranty situation, so take it to a professional.
  • It may need data recovery, a reformat & fresh install with all data returned.
  • Consider how old the laptop is and possibly get a replacement.
It has a bad virus.
  • At this stage all your data should be intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If you don’t have a recent & complete backup, then don’t muck around with this yourself.
  • This is not a warranty situation, so take it to a professional.
  • It may need data recovery, a reformat & fresh install with all data returned.

The PC works fine for a while—but then goes to a blue screen and either locks or reboots.

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The hard drive is starting to fail.
  • At this stage all your data should be intact on the internal hard drive—but time is of the essence.
  • If you don’t have a recent & complete backup, then don’t muck around with this yourself.
  • Don’t take it to a friend of a friend or a backyard PC mechanic.
  • Turn it off immediately and take it to a professional.
  • You will need professional data recovery and a new hard drive and a fresh install with all data returned.
  • This could be a warranty situation—but get a professional to recover the data before sending it away.
The system RAM has become faulty.
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional to get a copy of all your data before sending it away for a warranty claim.
  • Take to a professional for new RAM.
  • Consider how old the PC is and possibly get a replacement.
  • If the PC is a tower, consider a UPS to protect the PC from further power surges.
The motherboard has become faulty.
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional to get a copy of all your data before sending it away for a warranty claim.
  • If the PC is a tower, take it to a professional for a new motherboard (often also requires a new CPU & RAM).
  • Consider how old the PC is and possibly get a replacement.
  • If the PC is a tower, consider a UPS to protect the PC from further power surges.
It has a bad virus.
  • At this stage all your data should be intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If you don’t have a recent & complete backup, then don’t muck around with this yourself.
  • This is not a warranty situation, so take it to a professional.
  • It may need data recovery, a reformat & fresh install with all data returned.
It has one of the Cryptolocker virus strains.
  • At this stage all your data is quickly getting encrypted (eroded) by the virus every second that the PC is turned on.
  • Turn the PC off immediately and take it to a professional.
  • Treat any backup files that you have on USB keys, external hard drives, friends’ PCs, or accountant copies as GOLD.
  • Do not plug any of the above devices into your PC.
  • This is not a warranty situation—you need professional help now.
  • Any user data that is encrypted by this virus (without having a backup) is lost.
It is a heat-related issue.
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional to get a copy of all your data before sending it away for a warranty claim.
  • Take it to a professional for a proper clean/fan replacement or extra cooling alternatives
  • Consider how old the PC is and possibly get a replacement.

The PC works fine for a while—but then shuts down completely.

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The system RAM has become faulty.
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional to get a copy of all your data before sending it away for a warranty claim.
  • Take to a professional for new RAM.
  • Consider how old the PC is and possibly get a replacement.
  • If the PC is a tower, consider a UPS to protect the PC from further power surges.
The motherboard has become faulty.
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional to get a copy of all your data before sending it away for a warranty claim.
  • If the PC is a tower, take it to a professional for a new motherboard (often also requires a new CPU & RAM).
  • Consider how old the PC is and possibly get a replacement.
  • If the PC is a tower, consider a UPS to protect the PC from further power surges.
It is a heat-related issue.
  • At this stage all your data will be 100% intact on the internal hard drive.
  • If the warranty has not lapsed, then you have a claim situation.
  • Take it to a professional to get a copy of all your data before sending it away for a warranty claim.
  • Take it to a professional for a proper clean/fan replacement or extra cooling alternatives.
  • Consider how old the PC is and possibly get a replacement.

The PC works but is running very slowly and suddenly.

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It has one of the Cryptolocker virus strains.
  • At this stage all your data is quickly getting encrypted (eroded) by the virus every second that the PC is turned on.
  • Turn the PC off immediately and take it to a professional.
  • Treat any backup files that you have on USB keys, external hard drives, friends’ PCs, or accountant copies as GOLD.
  • Do not plug any of the above devices into your PC.
  • This is not a warranty situation—you need professional help now.
  • Any user data that is encrypted by this virus (without having a backup) is lost.
The hard drive is rapidly failing.
  • Don’t try to get a backup yourself, just turn it off immediately and take it to a professional.
  • The longer you leave it turned on, the worse it is going to get.
  • There are no disk utilities or check disks that you can run to fix this.
  • There is no fix a professional can do—the hard drive must be replaced.
  • At this point a professional still has by far the best chance of recovering data.
You have installed some conflicting software or drivers.
  • You could try uninstalling the software or drivers.
  • You could try reverting to a recent restore point.
  • If the above doesn’t work, then take it to a professional.
A software update has corrupted Windows.
  • Try reverting to a recent restore point.
  • Alternatively, take it to a professional.
You have a major virus or malware infection.
  • More serious infections require professional intervention.
  • This situation will only get worse if left untreated.
  • A professional will normally run cleanup utilities from the DOS level.
  • A professional can also remove the hard drive and run utilities on it from another PC.

The PC works but has slowed down gradually over a period of several months.

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The hard drive is slowly dying.
  • The hard drive must be replaced—take it to a professional.
  • The rate of this drive failure could rapidly increase at any time.
  • The longer you leave this, the greater the chance of losing data.
The hard drive has become full.
  • Try to work out what is taking up room.
  • Have you been downloading movies or music?
  • Have you transferred photos from your camera / smartphone?
  • Try creating some free space by emptying the recycle bin.
  • Consider deleting or transferring movies/music to an external drive.
  • Take it to a professional to get to the source of the problem and/or a larger hard drive.
You have gradually installed more and more software.
  • The PC needs a good tidy-up—all unnecessary software should be uninstalled.
  • Alternatively, take it to a professional for a full and proper clean-up/speed-up.

The PC works but has run consistently slowly from day one.

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It has only 4GB of ram or less.
  • Ram is cheap—get a professional to upgrade it to 8GB (the sweet spot for Windows 10).
  • It has a slow hard drive.
  • Get a high-speed hard drive or better still—get a Solid-State Drive (SSD) fitted by a professional.
  • Consider a replacement PC—but not a budget one.
It has a weak CPU or processor.
  • Try to find the CPU model number in system information and Google its benchmark score.
  • If it is less than 2,000—you need a new PC.
  • The CPU or processor can rarely be upgraded (especially in laptops).
  • Consider a replacement PC—but not a budget one.
It is full of junk software (we call this bloatware).
  • Most computers come with a heap of useless software, which greatly slows their performance.
  • Try uninstalling software that you are not using.
  • Alternatively, take it to a professional for a full and proper cleanup/speed-up.

The PC works fine & fast for everything except when on the Internet – it is suddenly slow or near unusable.

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See if you can test your Internet speed from another device while your PC is turned off.
  • If the Internet is also slow – it is unlikely to be a problem with your PC.
  • If the Internet is fast – there is something wrong with your PC.
You have reached your monthly download quota.
  • Consider an ISP plan upgrade to one with more monthly data.
  • Consider further limiting what is downloaded on your current connection (by everyone on the connection).
  • Call your ISP and check with them – they may give you some bonus data until the start of the next billing cycle.
Someone else that is sharing your Internet connection is downloading large files.
  • If your Internet connection is shared – check if someone else is suddenly downloading or uploading heaps.
  • Has someone hacked your Wi-Fi password – try changing it to something more secure.
  • You have just setup a cloud-based storage program such as Dropbox or OneDrive.
  • Consider an ISP plan upgrade.
  • Don’t bother with the Internet until it has finished syncing.
  • Turn syncing off to browse and then back on when you have finished.
  • Put some bandwidth limiting settings into the syncing program.
You have picked up some Malware or an email virus.
  • You can try running some clean up software yourself.
  • There is little point in getting your existing virus scanner to do a scan (at this stage it has already failed).
  • If you want it thoroughly cleaned and sorted, take it to a professional.
You have Browser redirects or pop-ups while on the Internet.
  • The PC needs a professional clean to sort it out.

The PC works fine & fast for everything except when on the Internet—it is always slow or nearly unusable.

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Other computers are also slow when using your Internet connection.
  • Consider an ISP plan upgrade to one with more speed.
  • Consider going to a faster Internet connection type like NBN (if available).
  • If the Internet connection is intermittent, you most likely have a line fault.
  • If you are using Wi-Fi and it only happens from certain rooms, you need a better Wi-Fi signal.
Other computers run fast on your Internet connection.
  • Your PC has long-term software problems and needs a reformat & reload.
  • Your PC is underpowered or old and needs replacing.
  • You need to take it to a professional for assessment (is it worth spending money on)?

The PC works fine & is fast for everything, including Internet browsing, except emails aren’t right.

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The PC is receiving emails but is unable to send them.
  • Your email host may be experiencing a disruption (check before changing any email settings).
  • You could unknowingly be sending out spam emails and have become ‘blacklisted’—take it to a professional.
  • Your mail program may require outgoing authentication (SMTP) settings to be added or changed.
It is sending emails but not receiving.
  • Your email host may be experiencing a disruption (check before changing any email settings).
  • Your mail program may require the incoming mail (POP3 or IMAP) settings to be added or changed.